Is the map real time?

No. The data comes from adsb.lol's daily archive and is processed several times a day; it can lag by a few hours up to a day. The data-age label on the map shows the actual state.

Are GPS jamming and spoofing the same thing?

No. In jamming the receiver loses the signal; in spoofing it is convinced of a wrong position by fake signals. Spoofing may leave no trace in integrity values and is harder to see.

Does Manzlytics detect spoofing?

Definitely not. We show drops in the integrity value and experimental position jumps; neither proves a cause.

Does an uncoloured area mean it is clean?

No. Hatched areas have no data. Grey cells do not have enough aircraft for a reliable result.

Can I see which aircraft were affected?

Yes. Click a cell to see the callsign, ICAO address and lowest NIC reported by each affected aircraft.

Where does the data come from?

From the adsb.lol community network (ODbL licence). It is our only source for now; data is missing where there are no receivers.

What are GPS jamming and spoofing?

Aircraft rely heavily on satellite navigation (GNSS: GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou) to know where they are. Satellite signals reach the ground very weakly, so a powerful ground transmitter can easily drown them out or imitate them.

Jamming

In jamming, a transmitter broadcasts noise on GNSS frequencies. The aircraft's receiver can no longer pick out the satellite signals and loses its position fix. The aircraft notices: the integrity value it reports (NIC) drops and pilots see GPS-loss warnings.

Spoofing

In spoofing, a transmitter broadcasts fake satellite signals that convince the receiver it is somewhere else. It is more insidious than jamming: the receiver may confidently report a wrong position for a while. A possible trace in observations is an aircraft reporting a physically impossible position jump; this alone does not establish the cause.

Jamming vs spoofing: what is the difference?

In jamming the aircraft loses its position and knows it; in spoofing it computes a wrong position and may not know. Jamming can show up as a drop in the integrity values the aircraft reports (NIC, NACp). Spoofing may leave no trace in those values; possible traces are physically impossible position jumps or inconsistent positions of aircraft in the same area.

So the two are not seen with the same method and cannot be stated with the same certainty. A fault in the aircraft's avionics can also lower integrity values; from ADS-B data alone, jamming, spoofing and faults cannot be told apart with certainty.

What Manzlytics does and does not say about spoofing

The map and the event list rest mainly on drops in the integrity value (NIC): they show anomalies consistent with GNSS disruption and do not say what caused them. Position jumps are a separate, experimental, rule-based layer: it is a lead worth a look, not a spoofing detection, and it is off by default.

The data comes from a single source (adsb.lol) and is incomplete where there are no receivers. So not seeing an event in an area does not mean there was no interference there.

Impact on aviation

Loss of GNSS affects many systems: RNP approaches, terrain awareness and warning systems (TAWS), automatic dependent surveillance (ADS-B) and time synchronisation. Crews fall back to conventional navigation (VOR/DME, IRS); workload rises and some approaches become unavailable.

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) has published a Safety Information Bulletin on GNSS outages and interference (SIB 2022-02) calling for caution in affected areas.

What can aircraft data show?

Every ADS-B position message carries an integrity value stating how much the aircraft trusts its position. If many aircraft in an area report low integrity at the same time, this is consistent with possible GNSS degradation there. Manzlytics aggregates these messages in hexagonal cells and maps them hour by hour.

Frequently asked questions

Is the map real time?: No. The data comes from adsb.lol's daily archive and is processed several times a day; it can lag by a few hours up to a day. The data-age label on the map shows the actual state.
Are GPS jamming and spoofing the same thing?: No. In jamming the receiver loses the signal; in spoofing it is convinced of a wrong position by fake signals. Spoofing may leave no trace in integrity values and is harder to see.
Does Manzlytics detect spoofing?: Definitely not. We show drops in the integrity value and experimental position jumps; neither proves a cause.
Does an uncoloured area mean it is clean?: No. Hatched areas have no data. Grey cells do not have enough aircraft for a reliable result.
Can I see which aircraft were affected?: Yes. Click a cell to see the callsign, ICAO address and lowest NIC reported by each affected aircraft.
Where does the data come from?: From the adsb.lol community network (ODbL licence). It is our only source for now; data is missing where there are no receivers.